The Science of Air-Source Thermal Amplification
How KNAPS heat pumps multiply electrical energy into high-temperature water through the reverse Rankine-Carnot cycle, zero-contact micro-channel condensation, and next-generation eco-friendly refrigerants.
Why 1 kW of electrical power yields 3.9 kW of thermal energy.
In conventional electric geysers, Joule heating applies electricity directly to resistive immersion coils. Due to thermal dissipation, the theoretical maximum Coefficient of Performance is 1.0 (in practice, ~0.90 to 0.95 with scale buildup). Every 1 kW of power yields less than 1 kW of heat.
A KNAPS heat pump does not manufacture heat from electrical resistance. Electricity is used exclusively to drive an aerodynamic fan and a rotary hermetic compressor, moving ambient thermal energy into pressurized refrigerant. With a COP of 3.90, our system delivers nearly 4 times the thermal heat of an electric geyser for the same power bill.
Next-Generation R290 Hydrocarbon vs Legacy Chemical Gases
The KNAPS 200L variant utilizes pure, refined R290 (propane) refrigerant. With a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of less than 3 and zero Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP), R290 offers superior thermodynamic latent heat properties requiring a minimal 150g charge.
Compared to R410A (GWP 2,088) and R134a (GWP 1,430), R290 is practically climate-neutral.
Ultra-compact micro-charge ensures high thermodynamic cycle speed with safety compliance.
High critical temperature threshold allows thermodynamic heating to 75°C without electric assist.
Library-Grade Quiet: 40 dB(A) to 48 dB(A)
Noise has historically been a critical defect in low-grade heat pumps installed on rooftops or adjacent to bedrooms. KNAPS solves this through three acoustic design interventions:
- Hermetic Rotary Isolation: Triple-point elastomer vibration dampeners eliminate mechanical resonance between compressor and chassis.
- Aerodynamic Centrifugal Impellers: Large-diameter forward-curved fan blades move 540 m³/h air at low RPM, eliminating wind turbulence.
- Acoustic Sound Jackets: High-density closed-cell sound barrier shrouds the compressor core.
Download Complete Engineering Catalog
Review detailed wiring diagrams, micro-channel condensation schematics, and seasonal COP curves in the official 33MB publication.